The urobiome is the microbial ecosystem of the urinary tract - long believed to be sterile but now known to harbour a distinct community of microorganisms. An imbalanced urobiome is associated with recurrent urinary tract infections, urge incontinence, and chronic pelvic pain. The vaginal and urinary microbiomes are closely connected - both dominated by Lactobacillus in healthy women - meaning oral probiotic interventions targeting the vaginal microbiome often simultaneously benefit urinary tract health.
